I had to write an essay on this a while back - this is how I summarised it. (note that I'm waiting for my final grade, so it may fail
)
As already discussed s47 of the Children Act 1989 establishes a legal duty for the Local Authority to investigate, where there is reasonable suspicion of significant harm to a child.
What happens next is laid out by statute in that act, supported by guideline documents.
§ A referral is made, and the Local Authority comes under a duty to investigate, which is managed by the Child Protection Team, a section of Social Services
§ A decision must be made with 24 hours – this may be to take no action, if the child is not believed to be at risk
§ Where a child is considered to be at risk, an Initial Assessment must be carried out with 7 days
§ If the support is required from Social Services, the child is officially designated a ‘Child in Need’ under s17 of Children Act 1989
§ This triggers a Strategy Discussion, at which it is decided whether to make a ‘s47 Enquiry’.
§ s47 of the Children Act 1989 requires the Child Protection Officer to undertake a Core Assessment with relevant people (teachers, doctors, parents etc)
§ If a child is believed to be at continued risk following the Core Assessment, then a Child Protection Conference must be called - within 15 days of the Strategy Discussion
§ At this conference the decision is taken whether to put the child on the Child Protection Register, and if so they must become subject to a Child Protection Plan, which is reviewed after 3 months, and then every 6 months.
I remember it was a bit confusing at the time, because I found references to the CPR being done away with - but the Child Protection Plans stay. So don't be surprised if you also find conflicting information! That change was for 2008, so in progress now. Most council websites will have a section answering just the sort of questions you're asking - this one for example:http://www.kirklees.gov.uk/community/health-care/childrenandfamilies/protectionregister.shtml